Constitution of May 3 - let's go back to history. The second in the world and the first in Europe law regulating the organization of state authorities, the rights and obligations of citizens. This is one of the most important days on a turbulent page in Polish history. What did the Constitution of May 3 give us? Why is today's holiday so important and what does it mean for Poles?
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Constitution of May 3 - with the trend of historical changes ...
Constitution of May 3 - was passed on May 3, 1791. It introduced the separation of powers into legislative, executive and judicial. Importantly, it limited the legal immunities and privileges of the homestead nobility, the so-called Golota. The purpose of the restrictions on the nobility was to prevent the possibility of bribery, the poor nobleman by agents of a foreign state.
New privileges
Constitution it also confirmed the bourgeois privileges granted in the legal act of April 18, 1791. According to this act, the townspeople had the right to personal security, possession of landed estates, the right to hold officer positions and positions in public administration, as well as the right to acquire nobility. Cities had the right to send 24 plenipotentiaries to the Seym as their representatives who had a say in matters relating to cities. This act took care of the law and government administration for the masses.
What else has changed?
Constitution of May 3 she endured such "Tools of the nobility" jak liberum veto, confederations, confederated parliament and limited the rights of land assemblies. On the day of establishment Constitution of May 3 ceases to exist Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and in her place is appointed The Republic of Poland. It is also abolished free election. Which in the eighteenth century did not work at all, its place is replaced by hereditary power, which after the death of Stanisław August Poniatowski was to be taken over by the ruler of the Wettin dynasty.
Constitution of May 3. National security
To watch over security, a standing army was introduced, the number of which was to reach 100 soldiers, and taxes were established at the rate of 10% for the nobility and 20% for the clergy - Golota, townspeople and peasants were exempt from paying the tax.
Catholicism is the prevailing religion ...
Catholicism was declared the dominant religion, while freedom of religion was ensured, although apostasy was still considered a crime. In order for the constitution to always be up-to-date, the Constitutional Seym should meet every 25 years, which would have the right to amend the provisions of the constitution.
Constitution of May 3
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CELEBRATION OF THE 230TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE CONSTITUTION OF MAY 3, 1791 AND MUTUAL PLEDGE BETWEEN POLAND NAD LITHUANIA |
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Constitution of May 3
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